Arugula is a plant that is easy to grow and grows quickly, but for its growth to be successful, it is necessary to understand a few key factors. From choosing the right planting location to preparing the soil properly and ensuring ideal conditions for optimal growth, each step plays an important role. Arugula does not require too much attention, but it is important to ensure adequate light, water, and nutrients. Additionally, it is necessary to monitor the plant's development, especially in terms of protection from pests and diseases, to ensure a rich and high-quality harvest.
Arugula is a plant that loves light but cannot tolerate excessive exposure to direct sunlight, especially during the summer months. It is best to plant it in partially shaded or semi-shaded areas. The optimal temperature for its growth is between 15°C and 20°C. If it becomes too hot, arugula can quickly flower and become bitter.
The soil on which arugula is planted should be light, well-drained, and rich in nutrients. The ideal pH level for the soil is between 6 and 7. Soil preparation is key for successful growth, so it is recommended to add compost or manure to enrich the soil. In the case of heavy or compacted soil, adding sand can help improve drainage.
Arugula is usually grown directly from seeds. Sowing can begin in the spring or fall, depending on the climate conditions. The seeds should be planted at a depth of about 1 cm, with a spacing of 10-15 cm between seeds. If planted in rows, the row spacing should be around 30 cm to provide enough space for growth. Arugula can also be successfully grown in containers, making it suitable for urban environments. In this case, it is recommended to choose pots with proper drainage to ensure proper water flow and prevent moisture retention. Additionally, it is important to provide enough light, as arugula requires sunny or partially shaded conditions for optimal growth. When growing arugula in containers on balconies or terraces, special care should be taken with watering, as proper drainage is crucial for the plant's health and to prevent root rot.
Arugula prefers moist soil, but overwatering can lead to root rot, which is one of the most common problems in its cultivation. During dry periods, plants should be watered regularly, but it is important to avoid waterlogging the soil. It is best to water in the morning or evening to prevent water from evaporating during the hottest part of the day.
Arugula does not require intensive fertilization, but occasional use of liquid organic fertilizers can promote faster growth. Fertilizers containing nitrogen are particularly useful as they encourage leaf mass growth. Fertilization should be done every few weeks during the growing season, but in moderation, to provide the plant with enough nutrients for development without causing excessive growth that may weaken the plant.
Arugula is known for its fast growth. Under ideal conditions, the seeds will germinate in about 5-7 days, and the first true leaves will appear in about 2-3 weeks. The plant is ready for harvest just a few weeks after sowing, when it reaches a height of about 10-15 cm. It is best to harvest arugula in the morning when the leaves are the juiciest. To extend the harvest period, selective harvesting is recommended, removing only the outer leaves while leaving the inner part of the plant to continue growing. If not harvested on time, arugula may flower, which will cause the leaves to become bitter. The flowers are small, white or purple, and when the plant starts to flower, its taste becomes significantly bitter. Therefore, it is important to regularly monitor the plants and harvest at the right time.
Arugula is a fast-growing plant, and the first leaves can be harvested within 3-4 weeks of sowing. During this period, it is important to carefully monitor its growth and take appropriate measures to protect it from pests and diseases. One common problem is the rapid flowering of the plant, which is caused by high temperatures and a lack of moisture, leading to bitter leaves. To prevent this, it is necessary to water the plant regularly and provide it with adequate shade during the hottest days. Additionally, arugula is sensitive to drought, so it is important to monitor soil moisture, especially during dry periods, to prevent plant damage.
Growing arugula can be very satisfying, as this plant grows quickly and provides a rich harvest in a relatively short period. Proper soil preparation, choosing the right planting location, and careful monitoring of growth are key to its successful development. With proper watering, fertilization, and protection from pests, arugula will grow healthy and provide high-quality leaves that can be used in various dishes. Regularly monitoring the plants and timely harvesting will help extend the harvest period and avoid bitterness caused by flowering.
